As the crisis severely affected real estate and financial markets, the global recession from 2008 to 2012 was resolved in abandoned homes in many neighborhoods in the United States. While few communities are protected from the negative effects of decentralized vacant and unmaintained homes, such large-scale spread dilemmas are common to many urban areas, as limited personal households and public resources have already compressed residential property values and socio-economic conditions. The impact is even more pronounced. However, once the home of a known family, the rise of neighbors' homes, which have now become visually negligent, insecure and the main target of temporary squatting, has created an environment for widespread concern and response at all levels of government. At the local government level, each jurisprudence begins to adopt new policies and implementation plans one by one to curb the problems caused by the long-term property maintenance negligence caused by the refusal of the owners, and the financial institutions seem to lack practical responses. Responsible for these assets.
Control in a changing neighborhood environment
Law enforcement agencies immediately responded to calls and complaints from neighbors and community leaders. They were eager to eliminate problems associated with these abandoned homes, but were quickly overwhelmed by property needs and funds needed to provide adequate funding. cut back. The vacant property registration program quickly entered local legislation, which has a common claim for mortgages or banks. The property is abandoned by the owner and assumes responsibility for providing appropriate responsible party information, local property management, routine maintenance and post-security intervention. Due to the bank's requirements, these registration schemes actually provide a sense of structure and control that is needed for the bank to respond correctly and to give the community a sense of control. Although these projects are very effective, the low turnover rate of these properties to new owners still makes the houses in the residential areas apparently uninhabited, poorly maintained, and constantly damaged and invaded.
The recession has also hit homeowners of homes and rents. They have left property without mortgages, and no stakeholders immediately intervene and assume responsibility for maintenance, adding another layer of concern to crimes that have already been economically depressed and handling higher levels. activity. In response to citizens creating safer communities and improving livability, one of the theoretical tools used in law enforcement practice, broken window theory, is entering a way of thinking about how to obtain an environment without visual neglect and neglect. Public nuisance through its application to code execution.
Broken Windows Theory
The basis of broken window theory is the commitment of urban communities to lead to other crimes and anti-social behaviors. This criminological theory was introduced in 1982 by two social scientists, James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. Prior to this criminal view, many police agencies explicitly focused on combating crime and dealing with more serious crimes, while minor crimes seemed more insignificant, time-consuming and unrelated to major criminal activities. The core of this ideology is the broken structure of the abandoned window. The term "broken window" does not necessarily mean that a property that is in disrepair leads to an individual committing a more serious crime, but as a metaphor for a disorderly environment in the city. Therefore, this theory may be easily misunderstood as if an environment is eradicated from visual harm, then no more serious crimes, such as robbery or murder, have been the focus of debate since the introduction of this theory. In fact, the general theory can be proved by the existence of some broken windows on a structure that is still in disrepair, leading to more disordered behavior and more windows being destroyed, garbage being thrown in real estate, graffiti and Vandalism leads to more major crimes such as squatting, drug use, fire, and even rape or murder in the structure. When this theory was applied to law enforcement in New York City in the mid-1980s, the focus was on resolving disorderly crimes with the goal of graffiti, toll machine jumping, public drinking, jealousy and prostitution. Although these seem to be minor crimes compared to robbery, theft, murder and drug dealing, the application of this theory is to combat these small offsets and strive to create a more orderly environment that makes it easier for people to see, which will Create an atmosphere where people will not tolerate disorderly behavior. People who regularly engage in minor crimes will be more exposed to law enforcement officials and will not commit more serious crimes. In addition, if citizens believe that these issues are not considered small or a waste of time, citizens will be more comfortable to report crimes to law enforcement. This will lead citizens to feel more sense of control and order in the community.
Theory misuse of law enforcement
As in the previous example of abandoned homes, the environment that exists due to persistently harsh conditions creates an unfavorable environment that challenges all of us through our normative life, creating a sense of chaos and promoting The atmosphere of further deterioration is ignored. When public administration practitioners try to apply broken window theory to code execution, it is easy to implement programs erroneously. In these programs, people are paying more and more attention to solving code violations, such as property maintenance, landscaping and improper parking. A safer and more attractive community. Although there is no doubt that a direct relationship between gaining more attention to compliance with property maintenance codes leads to a more attractive community, this is not a commitment to breaking the window theory, but a causal link between code execution attention. Relationships about specific areas and results of compliance. Any area where code execution is focused is likely to yield positive results. However, cleaning up a community that does not improve its socioeconomic benefits may not necessarily lead to an environment in which the level or focus of code executives may be reduced without recurring code over time. The risk of violations. In fact, if priorities have to change or resources are reduced, the community is left unattended, and there are no other controls or incentives, code violations are likely to start to increase until more attention is given again. The reason for this is simple, because the core of any group, community or community is made up of people. The environment or landscape is thought to convey information to people as human behavior, and in addition to the established environment, various other factors must be considered to achieve the desired outcome and sustain them.
Apply theory to code execution
The core of broken window theory is the effort required to solve social obstacles. The main premise of the theory is that minor crimes can lead to more serious crimes if left unresolved. However, the minor offences dealt with are crimes that are considered to contain disorderly conduct. Government-developed regulations, laws, and laws help create the normative environment on which we depend. A typical homeowner association's lifting of restrictions or rules is an example of the close control and order that community members implement in the community, which is designed to create and provide a safe, well-maintained environment for their residents. While these rules may often be considered extremely strict or restrict personal freedom at home, they do serve as a norm for people in the communities in which they live, creating informal connections that are shared with everyone. A simple requirement is that each property owner's monthly fee includes standard alarm monitoring for each home or access to the community to access the community, which provides an additional level of security that everyone can participate in. The determinant of positioning the family. In terms of code execution, a simple rule restricts tenants from being able to store outside the home environment, creating a safer, more orderly environment that allows residents to feel at home, tornadoes, or through areas that are sensitive to windy conditions. Reduce the storms of aerial projectiles that can cause property damage or even loss of life. For urban communities that deal with higher-risk criminal activities or public nuisances and behaviors, applying broken window theory to help reduce these activities must be done in a strategic and targeted manner.
Specific strategy
Law enforcement efforts aimed at resolving chaos should be the main focus. Similarly, regulations must be implemented to eliminate disorder, activity and appearance...
Orignal From: Applying broken Windows theory to law enforcement in urban communities
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